Air or gas compression pump



(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 1.

E. G.YSH0RTT. AIR 0R GAS GOMPRBSS'ION PUMP.

No. 466,432. Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

(No Model.) l 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. E. G. SHORTT.

AIR 0R GAS GOMPRESSION PUMP.

`No. 466,432. Patented Jan. 5, 1892.

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(No Model.)

E G SHORTT AIB. oRuGAs GOMPRBSSION PUMR No.l 466,432.

Patented'-Jan. 5

- tion and an improved mode of operation whichv AUNITED STATYES' PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD G. SHOR'IT, kOF OARTHAGE, ASSIGNQR OF ONE-HALF TO CHARLES G. EMERY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

AIRKOR GAS COIVIVPVRESSION PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part @f netters Patent No. 466,432, dated January 5, 1892. Application tiled February 12, 1891i. Serial No. 381,223. (No model.)

T a/ZZ whom it maylconcern.- Be it known that I, EDWARD G. SHORTT, a

citizen of the United States, residing at Carthage, in the county of Jefferson and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Air or Gas Compression Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in engines for compressing air and gases of various kinds, and one purpose thereof is to provide a mechanism which is similar in some respects tothe well-known bucket-plunger pump, but which possesses certainv features of novelty whereby better results are obtained in pumping or compressing air or gases, and having a superiority in construcshall be superior to any of the air-pumps now in use.

. To enable others skilled in the art to make, construct, and use my said invention, I will proceedto' describe the same with reference to the drawings accompanying this specifica- Figure l is a vertical section of an engine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section upon a plane at right angles with the section-plane in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken upon the line x x, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a face view of the duplex-valve seats of the steam-engine.v Fig. 5 is an end view of one of the enlarged compressing-pistons.

The present invention is in some respects an improvement upon the Letters Patent of the United States granted me upon the 18th day of September, 1888, for improvements in duplex pumping-engines, wherein I have by a central vertical line into two independ-v ent'valve-seats, one for each cylinder, and in 5o said seats I form two openings or steam-ports 4 and 5,"thel former communicating with a channel 6, directed upward and then diagonally until it enters the upper end of cylinder 2. In 'likeV manner the port 5, opening 55.

'from the channel 6, passes upward and then diagonally across the port 4 to the upper end of the other steam-cylinder 1. From the two remaining passages or openings 7 and 8 steamports 9 and 10 pass downward and then di- 6o agonally cross each other until their ends communicate with the lower ends of the steam` cylinders 1 and 2.- The faceof the duplex-valve seat is shown in elevation and in section, and in addition to the lconstruction already noted it has in the center of each seat and between the steamports an elongated transverse vopening 1.2,extending through the valve-seat and wall into vthe cylinder. 7o

The valves used in the steam mechanism consist of two substantially semi-cylindrical parts 13, each seating upon the similarlyformed concave seat. The construction of these valves, as well as their mode of operation, is so fully shown and described in my patent of September 18, 1888, No. 389,7 69,'already referred to,that no further specific description thereof is necessary. Y

At a littledistance below the steam-cylin- 8o ders havingpistons 15 are arranged the compressing-cylinders 14. Upon the lower ends Vof the rods carrying said pistons are attached Vmuch larger rods or heads 16, which pass through the packing or stuffing boxes 17 and 8 5 project into lthe air-compressing cylinders proper 14. In the lower ends of these enlarged piston-rods 16 are formed central or axial openings or passages 17 a, receiving the ystem l18 of a puppet-valve 19, which seats upon a 9o ring 20, screwed into the lower end or portion of the piston-head 21, which is connected with the lower end of the enlarged piston-rod 16 by lany suitable construction, the reduced upper ends of the piston-rods being screwed into and carried by the pistons 15 of the steam-cylinders. The valve-chamber 22 lies between the upper edge of the valve-seating ring and the lower end of the enlarged piston-rod, and from said valve-chamber communication is effected with a compressionchamber 23 by means of channels 2l, formed at suitable intervals in the lower end of the enlarged piston-rod 16. The puppet-valve 19 is provided with guides 25 upon its lower surface, which lie and move within a central opening in the valve-scat ring 20.

Frein the compression-chamber 23 a passage or channel 26, cut through the wall of the cylinder, leads to a second valve-chamber 27, formed in a lateral enlargement upon the compression end of each pumpcylinder and containing a puppet-valve 28, by which the air or gas compressed within the chamber 28 may pass to and through a pipe 2), and thence to a suitable chamber or receptacle.

The lower ends of the compression-cylinders are each provided with a removable valveseat 30, having large openings 3l, and backed by valves 32, having nearly the diameter of the cylinder, said valves rising and falling upon a stem This Valve-seat is usually screwed into the inlet end of the cylinder. By this construction an opening or series of openings of the largest possible capacity is provided for the iniow of air at atlnospheric pressure to the lower end of the air-cylinders, thereby rendering it possible to employ a high piston speed and at the same time insure the filling of the lower-portion of the air or gas cylinders upon the upward stroke of the pistons. By this stroke, also, the air previously received within the compression-chamber 23 passes the valve 28, and

is forced through the tube 29 into the receptacle. The diterentialarea of the lower end of the pistondiead as compared with the annular area of the upper end ofthe same, produced by the large diameter of the piston-rod Vlt, causes a compression of the air to a density in the compression-chamber 23 propor tioned to the said difference in area. By this construction the reservoir-pressure is prevented from returningr and acting upon the valve in the piston-head, while at the same time the air-cylinders and piston-heads ma-y be of uniform size, thus simplifying and cheapening the construction, rendering it possible to make the parts in duplicate, a-nd rendering the operation much more rapid and effective with the same head of steam.

Beneath the valve-seats 30 are arranged convexed screens Si, for the purpose of preventing iniux of dirt or other foreign matter which might pass into the pump and thence into the receiving-reservoirs.

The lower valve may be made of rubber, leather, or of any other suitable material, such as metal of any suitable kind or other substance. vents the return of air to the outer atmosphere after it has been drawn therethrough.

This lower valve at all times pre- The average pressure on the iirst or lower valve is about twenty pounds; but upon the downstroke the valve in the piston traps the pressure above the piston, which is about ninety pounds to the square inch, at the completion of the stroke. In air and steam cylinders of equal size this pressure maybe produced with a steam-pressure of about fortyiive pounds, while in a plain air-pump it would require a steam-pressure of at least` ninety-five pounds to produce the same resuit'. The average pressure on the first or lower valve is, under my inventiomabout twenty pounds; on the second valve, sixty pounds, and on the third valve about ninetyfive pounds.

That I claim is l. In an air or gas compression pump, the combination, with a steam-cylinder and a pump-cylinder having their axes in the same straight line, of a pistonrod connected at one end to the piston in the steam-cylinder, an enlarged rod or head of less diameter than the interior of the pump-cylinder and packed through the end thereof, said rod havingin its lower end a central bore, an annular pistom head, into the opening in which the end of the enlarged rod or head enters, a puppet-valve having its stem lying in the central opening in the enlarged rod and seating upon a ring in the annular piston-head, a valve-chamber being formed between'said ring and the end of the enlarged rod, having communication by channels or slots, in the latter with a compression-chamber inclosed by the end of the annular piston-head, the exterior face of the enlarged rod, the inner face of the cylinder, and the end of the saine, a second puppet valve lying in a valve-chamber formednin a lateral enlargement on the compression end of the cylinder, said valve-chamber being connected with the eompressionehamber by a channel through the wall of the cylinder, and a valve-disk mounted on a central stem within the inlet end of the cylinder and seating over openings formed in a valve-seat which is tapped into the end of the cylinder, substantially as described.

2. In an air or gas compression pump, the combination, with a pump-cylinder having a lateral enlargement upon its compression end, of an enlarged head or rod packed through the end of the cylinder, its end entering ald engaging an annular piston-head fitting said cylinder, forming a com pression-chamber between the end of the annular piston-head the enlarged rod, and the inner face of the 7cylinder, a puppet-valve arranged in achamber below the end of the enlarged rod, its stem entering a central bore therein and its seat being formed by a ring screwed into the annular piston-head, a second puppet-valve arranged in a valve-chamber in the lateral enlargement, com municatin g by a channel with the compression-chamber and with a pipe carrying the compressed gas, and avalve-disk IOO El t) l having nearly the diameter of the piston-head, my hand and afxed my seal in presence of mountedon a central stem which is tapped two subscribing Witnesses. into a Valve-seat screwed into the inlet end of the cylinder and provided with a screen EDWARD -G' SHORTT' [L' S] 5 arranged to cover inlet-openings formed in Witnesses:

the Valve-seat, substantially as described. JAMES H. DAWLEY,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set HOWARD Gr. SHORTT. 

